P21404 | IsoMark - Assessing the potential of isotopes and elements in different hard parts of freshwater fish species to determine origin and migratory patterns using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) | |
|
Abstract English Chemical environmental information is to a certain degree stored in soft and hard tissues of fish and other living organisms, although being influenced by physiological processes. Consequently site- and species specific microchemical patterns stored in hard parts of fish can be used as natural chemical tags for studying the spatial behaviour of fish for answering important ecological questions like the origin of fish, stock identification or dispersal and other migratory patterns (homing of fish to natal birthplaces, individual and group life histories or habitat use). Although mainly otoliths have been studied so far, scales and fin rays bare the potential for non-lethal sampling, especially needed when studying endangered species. On the other hand eye lenses could be sampled easily, which is of special relevance when large numbers of fish are investigated. Therefore the "IsoMark" project focuses for the first time on the comprehensive investigation of microchemical information (elemental fingerprint of Ca, Sr, Na, Ba, Mg; isotopic fingerprint of Sr and Ca) in different hard parts of typical European freshwater fish species like brown trout (Salmo trutta f.f., L.), European grayling (Thymallus thymallus, L.), nase (Chondrostoma nasus, L.) and the Danube salmon (Hucho hucho, L.). Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) will be used as major technique for direct and simultaneous in situ high precision analysis of trace elements and isotope ratios of hard parts. Fish from ten fish farms will be analyzed for their microchemical signatures in different hard parts as fish farm specific signatures would make expensive artificial tagging, e.g. to track farmed fish in natural rivers after stocking, nonessential. As a reliable interpretation of the chemical patterns in different hard parts requires an understanding of the relationship between environmental conditions and the uptake of elements and isotopes, controlled field experiments will be conducted for two species (brown trout and nase) at different life stages. Additionally adult and juvenile individuals of brown trout and nase from natural rivers with different environmental chemistry will be sampled to assess the influence of geological formations, ontogeny and temperature on microchemical patterns in hard parts. The stability of the chemical fingerprints of rivers as a pre-requisite for a clear interpretation of microchemical patterns in hard parts will be assessed as well. Trans-generational marking via injecting enriched isotopes into gravid females will be tested offering an amazing opportunity to mark large numbers of larvae in the field since the environmental information experienced by adult females is passed over to the primordial core of the otolith. The project will be run as collaboration between the Division of Analytical Chemistry (Department of Chemistry) and the Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management (Department of Water, Atmosphere & Environment) at the BOKU, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, together with the Institute for Water Ecology, Fisheries and Lake Research at Mondsee/Scharfling (Federal Agency for Water Management), and is directly related to the research of the START-project "VIRIS" (Vienna Isotope Research Investigation and Survey, FWF 267-N11).
Abstract German
Standort- und artspezifische mikrochemische Informationen in Hartteilen
von Fischen können als natürliche chemische Markierungen verwendet
werden, um wichtige ökologische Fragestellungen wie die Herkunft
eines Fisches oder seine Populationszugehörigkeit zu beantworten.
Weiters können Ausbreitungsprozesse und Wandermuster wie die mehrmalige
Laichwanderung zum Ort der eigenen Geburt ("Homing") und die
jahreszeitliche Habitatnutzung retrospektiv untersucht werden. Obwohl
bisher vor allem Otolithen für diese Art von Fragestellung verwendet
wurden, stellt die Analyse von Schuppen und Flossenstrahlen eine wichtige
nicht-letale Alternative dar. Augenlinsen wiederum können relativ
einfach entnommen werden, was vor allem bei der Untersuchung großer
Fischmengen eine Rolle spielt. Im Rahmen des "IsoMark" Projektes
werden daher erstmals umfassende Untersuchungen der sog. "elemental
fingerprints" (vor allem basierend auf Ca, Sr, Na, Ba, Mg) und "isotopic
fingerprints" (basierend auf Isotopen von Sr and Ca) unterschiedlicher
Hartteile typischer europäischer Fischarten wie Bachforelle (Salmo
trutta f.f., L.), Äsche (Thymallus thymallus, L.), Nase
(Chondrostoma nasus, L.) und Huchen (Hucho hucho, L.) durchgeführt.
Zur präzisen und simultanen in-situ-Analyse multipler Elemente und
Isotope wird die "Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass
spectrometry" (LA-ICP-MS) verwendet. Dabei können mit hoher
lateraler Auflösung Element- und Isotopenmuster direkt auf den Hartteilen
gemessen werden. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
With support from |